北极圈海域表层沉积物的黏土矿物特征及其环境意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邱中炎  沈忠悦  韩喜球 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2007,27(3):31-36

应用X射线衍射(XRD)分析技术对北极圈海域15个表层沉积物的黏土矿物进行了研究。结合伊利石的结晶度指数综合分析了研究区黏土矿物的组成和分布特征及其物质来源、沉积环境和水动力条件。结果表明,北极圈海域研究区的黏土矿物以伊利石为主(33%),其次为伊/蒙间层矿物(25%)、绿泥石(23%)、高岭石(15%)以及蒙皂石(4%)。伊利石的开形指数(Ns)都比较小,大多在1~2之间,Ns的分布对物源有一定的指示意义。楚科奇海区具较弱的水动力条件,沉积环境较稳定;白令海具强烈的水动力条件,属于冲刷环境。认为北极圈海域研究区的黏土沉积物均有三方面来源,即河流输入、海洋自生和冰筏搬运物。  相似文献   

Metamorphism of Triassic Flysch Along Profile Zoigê-Lushan, Northwest Sichuan, China     

WANG Hejing  M. RAHN  TAO Xiaofeng  ZHENG Nan  XU Tingjing 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(4)

We used illite and chlorite crystallinities, index minerals, mineral assemblages, polytype and domain size of white mica, electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), b0 geobarometer and chlorite geothermometer to quantify the diagenetic and metamorphic overprint on the Triassic flysch formations in the Songpan-Garzê orogen along profile Zoigê-Lushan, northwest Sichuan. Two anchizones, two epizones, one diagenetic zone and a transition belt in-between them are defined on the basis of the obtained data. lllite crystallinity correlates strongly with the best mean domain size of mica and moderately with chlorite crystallinity. 2M1 white mica polytype are observed within the epizone whilst 2M1 and 1M polytypes occur in the anchizone and diagenetic zone. Epizonal metamorphism reached maximum temperatures of 370℃±21℃ at low-to intermediate pressure conditions. Clay minerals underwent Ostwaid ripening during metamorphism. Rocks from both sides of the Longmenshan fault reveal contrasting degrees of metamorphic overprint: on the northwest side of the Longmenshan fault, epimetamorphlc conditions contrast with diagenetic rocks on the southeast side.  相似文献   

应用国际标样对伊利石结晶度测定值的校正及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

游建昌  毕先梅  侯纯敏 《现代地质》2008,22(1):53-59

伊利石的结晶度(IC),又称Kbler指数(K.I.),是指粘土矿物伊利石10×10-8cmXRD峰的半高宽。作为一个变质程度的指标,结晶度广泛用于研究高级成岩—极低级变质—低级变质作用的演变过程,随着变质程度的提高,伊利石结晶度逐渐增大。根据Kbler的建议,近变质带(极低级变质带)上、下边界的伊利石结晶度分别为0.42(°Δ2θ)和0.25(°Δ2θ)。然而,测定伊利石结晶度时,由于缺少国际标样,且各实验室间的样品制备、仪器条件、测试方法也不相同,因而导致获得的数据有较大差别,缺少可比性;因此,使用国际标样对数据进行校正,使各实验室获得的数据都能直接地进行对比,是非常必要的。利用X射线衍射方法测定了由L.N.Warr提供的5个伊利石结晶度的国际标样(其中,4个为岩石碎屑样品,采自英格兰西南部的极低级变质带;1个为单矿物样品,采自印度的花岗岩),获得了校正方程,ICCIS=0.977IC测定值+0.0336(°Δ2θ),R2=0.9835。在实验室内对213件采自国内的样品进行测定,测试条件与国际标样的测试条件相同,利用此方程对测得的伊利石结晶度数值进行校正,证实本实验室对伊利石结晶度的测定具有较高的可信度和国际可比性。  相似文献   

自生伊利石40Ar-39Ar法年代学实验过程中一些重要环节的探讨     

刘大永  彭平安  潘长春  王龙樟 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2008,27(2)

自生伊利石^40Ar-^39Ar年代学在油气勘探及其他领域具有重要意义,但由于自生伊利石晶体结构的特殊性,使这一方法从样品处理到数据解释都有一些需要探讨的问题。自生伊利石提纯方法主要由冷冻-加热碎样结合高速离心完成。样品粒度愈细,样品纯度愈大,结晶度愈差。通过X射线衍射可以获得样品纯度、结晶度方面的信息,用TEM可以获得XRD检测限（5％）以下的样品纯度信息。样品^39Ar核反冲丢失与样品中晶体的结晶度（2θ）、晶体沿c轴方向的层厚相关;真空包裹技术可以较合理地降低核反冲丢失,得到细粒样品有意义的年龄。真空包裹的细粒样品的“保留年龄”有重要的地质意义。  相似文献   

Porosity preservation due to grain coating illite/smectite: Evidence from Buchan Formation (Upper Devonian) of the Ardmore Field,UK North Sea     

Longxun Tang  Jon Gluyas  Stuart Jones 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):202-214

The Buchan Formation sandstone reservoirs from the Ardmore Field in the UK Central North Sea are fluvial-aeolian deposits and provide examples of porosity preservation in deeply-buried reservoirs (2.7–3.2?km) caused by grain-coating illite/smectite (I/S). Here, high reservoir quality commonly correlates with the occurrence of grain-coating I/S and consequent inhibition of quartz cementation in the aeolian dune and interdune sandstones. Porosity is lower in fluvial sandstones lacking grain coating I/S but with intense quartz overgrowths. We propose that the presence of I/S reflects concentration of the smectitic-rich clay bearing water which would have been the deposits of the interdune and/or distal sector of fluvial distributary system, and were introduced into aeolian deposits by mechanical infiltration. Petrographic relationships indicate that these coatings grew mainly before the mechanical compaction as the clays occur at grain contacts. The use of empirical model suggested that about 6–7% porosity have been preserved. The burial-thermal history of the Ardmore area contributed to the high quality reservoir because throughout much of the time since deposition, the Devonian sandstones have been little buried. Only from the Palaeogene the reservoir temperatures exceeded about 70?°C and rapidly buried to today’s maximum depth, which have minimized the negative effect generally ascribed to smectitic clays on reservoir quality. The circumstances of porosity preservation shown in this study may be unusual, but nonetheless have profound consequences for exploration. It is possible to identify new Buchan Formation prospects in areas hitherto dismissed because they were generally assumed to be poor reservoir.  相似文献   

Diagenesis and Very Low‐grade Metamorphism of the Upper Permian Yangjiagou Formation in Eastern Changchun,China: Evidence from Clay Mineral Geothermobarometers     

HU Daqian  ZHAN Naichen  ZHANG Jingtong  LI Yang  SUN Guosheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1053-1062

The metamorphic conditions of the Upper Permian Yangjiagou Formation in eastern Changchun, China, were evaluated based on the mineral assemblage, illite crystallinity, illite polytypism,the b dimension of illite, and the chemical composition of chlorite. The pelitic rocks in the Yangjiagou Formation are characterized by illite + kaolinite + chlorite ± mixed-layer chlorite/smectite and detrital quartz + plagioclase. Illite in the formation has a crystallinity of 0.38-0.55 and comprises mixed 2 M_1 and1 M_d polytypes, indicating a metamorphic temperature of 200℃. Based on the chemical composition of chlorite and the chlorite geothermometer, we estimated diagenetic to very low-grade metamorphic conditions with temperatures of 185℃～204℃. The b dimension of illite varies from 8.992 A to 9.005 A.We used a mathematical algorithm to extend Guidotti and Sassi's(1986) diagram relating illite b dimension with temperature and pressure, and used this diagram, together with illite crystallinity and chlorite chemical composition, to semi-quantitatively estimate the formation pressure at1.2 kbar. These reveal that the Yangjiagou Formation has experienced very low-grade metamorphism.  相似文献   

Evaluation of 40Ar/39Ar Geochronology of Authigenic Illites in Determining Hydrocarbon Charge Timing: A Case Study from the Silurian Bituminous Sandstone Reservoirs,Tarim Basin,China     

ZHANG Youyu  LIU Keyu  and LUO Xiuquan 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(2):684-703

The Silurian bituminous sandstones(SBS) in the Tarim Basin, China are important basinwide reservoirs with an estimated area of approximately 249000 km2. We investigated the ages of authigenic illites in the SBS reservoirs and constrained their formation timing by using the ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar step wise heating method. The age spectra, ~(39)Ar recoil loss and their controlling factors were investigated systematically. The ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar ages were compared with the conventional K/Ar ages of identical clay fractions. The clay in the SBS reservoirs is dominated by orderly mixed-layer illite/smectite(I/S) with 5%–30% smectite layers. The I/S minerals morphology comprises primarily honeycomb, short filamentous and curved-lath particles, characteristic of authigenic illites. The unencapsulated ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar total gas ages(UTGA) of the authigenic illites range from 188.56 ± 6.20 Ma to 491.86 ± 27.68 Ma, which are 7% to 103% older than the corresponding K/Ar ages of 124.87 ± 1.11 Ma to 383.45 ± 2.80 Ma, respectively. The K-Ar ages indicate multistage accumulations with distinct distribution patterns in the Tarim Basin: older(late Caledonian-early Hercynian) around the basin margin, younger(late Hercynian) in the basin centre, and the youngest(middle to late Yanshanian) in the Ha-6 well-block, central area of the North Uplift. The age difference is believed to have been caused by the ~(39)Ar recoil loss during the irradiation process. Compared with the K/Ar ages, the estimated ~(39)Ar recoil losses in this study are in the range from 7% to 51%. The ~(39)Ar recoil loss appears to increase not only with the decreasing particle sizes of the I/S, but also with increasing percentage of smectite layers(IR) of the I/S, and smectite layer content(SLC) of the samples. We conclude that due to significant ~(39)Ar recoil losses, UTGA may not offer any meaningful geological ages of the authigenic illite formation in the SBS and thus can not be used to represent the hydrocarbon charge timing. ~(39)Ar recoil losses during ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar dating can not be neglected when dating fine authigenic illite, especially when the ordered mixed-layer I/S containing small amount of smectite layers(IR30%) in the reservoir formations. Compared with the unencapsulated Ar-Ar method, the conventional K-Ar method is less complicated, more accurate and reliable in dating authigenic illites in petroleum reservoirs.  相似文献   

蚀变矿物近红外光谱特征对地质找矿的指示意义——以甘肃岗岔金矿为例     

彭自栋  申俊峰  曹卫东  李金春  刘廷 《地质通报》2016,35(5):822-831

甘肃岗岔金矿位于秦岭造山带之碌曲-成县逆冲推覆构造带的西段北侧,是典型的构造蚀变岩型金矿床,目前储量可达中型。在矿区地质填图的基础上,采用BJKF-1型近红外矿物分析仪对矿区7号勘探线ZK07-4钻孔、8号勘探线ZK08-6钻孔及27号勘探线的ZK27-1、ZK27-3、ZK27-4钻孔岩心进行蚀变特征研究,识别出的主要蚀变矿物为伊利石、云母类、地开石、高岭石等。蚀变矿物分布及含量变化特点表明,与矿化有关的蚀变主要是绢英岩化,其中已探明矿体多位于采用近红外分析技术圈出的绢英岩化带内。此外,伊利石反射光谱特征参数计算结果表明,伊利石结晶度和Al-OH特征吸收峰形态呈现有规律的变化,即含矿段和近矿段伊利石结晶度大(SWIR-IC值5.5~5.7),Al-OH吸收峰尖锐;远矿段和无矿段伊利石结晶度小(SWIR-IC值1.3~1.5),Al-OH吸收峰平缓,显示含矿段伊利石形成温度较高。上述结果表明,矿区内绢英岩化蚀变及伊利石结晶度、Al-OH峰形是有利找矿标志,对找矿具有实际指导意义。  相似文献   

准格尔煤田官板乌素6号煤层中煤矸石的矿物学特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

崔晓南  黄文辉  丁国平  敖卫华  周鸿璞  梁飞 《岩石矿物学杂志》2016,35(4):647-654

运用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重-热流和扫描电镜等手段对准格尔矿区官板乌素煤矿主采6号煤层下部层位中煤矸石的矿物组成和微观形貌进行了系统研究。结果表明,煤矸石在官板乌素煤矿6号煤层下部层位中分布广泛,呈薄层状产出,主要矿物组成为高岭石,其次含有极少量的勃姆石等矿物。样品中SiO_2/Al_2O_3(摩尔比值)在2.00~2.10之间,接近高岭石族矿物理论比值,有害组分铁、钛含量相对较低。在扫描电镜下,可见煤矸石样品中高岭石单晶形态主要为六方片状,叠片状聚晶,晶片的片径多在5μm以下。该矿区煤矸石中的高岭石为结晶度较高的优质高岭岩,可用于生产陶瓷。  相似文献   

伊利石:一种前景广阔的新型粘土矿物材料   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李晓敏  寇晓威 《世界地质》2000,19(4):346-349

伊利石是一种富钾、高铝的层状含水硅酸盐矿物,是近几年来才逐渐受到重视的新型粘土矿物材料。不同品种的伊利石可分别用作陶瓷制品的原材料,造纸用涂布粒等。经改性后的活性伊利石粉可作为橡塑制品的填充料。以优质伊利石为原料制取钾肥,同时还可获得４Ａ沸石、净水剂等多种副产品。伊利石的深层次开发具有广阔的市场前景。  相似文献